1. What is the BTU Formula for Water Flow?

Definition: This calculator determines the heat energy required to change water temperature based on flow rate, specific heat capacity, and temperature difference.

Purpose: It helps HVAC engineers, plumbers, and energy professionals calculate heating/cooling requirements for water systems.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the formula:

Where:

• \( Q \) — Heat energy (BTU/hour)
• \( \dot{m} \) — Mass flow rate (pounds/hour)
• \( c \) — Specific heat capacity (BTU/pound·°F)
• \( \Delta T \) — Temperature change (°F)

Explanation: The formula calculates how much heat energy is needed to achieve a specific temperature change in flowing water.

3. Importance of BTU Calculation

Details: Accurate BTU calculations ensure proper sizing of boilers, chillers, heat exchangers, and other HVAC equipment.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter water flow rate in lb/h, specific heat capacity (default 1.0 BTU/lb·°F for water), and desired temperature change in °F. All values must be > 0.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What's the specific heat capacity of water?
A: Pure water has a specific heat of 1 BTU/lb·°F, but this can vary slightly with impurities or temperature.

Q2: How do I convert GPM to lb/h?
A: Multiply gallons per minute by 500 (approx. 8.33 lb/gal × 60 min/h).

Q3: Does this work for cooling calculations?
A: Yes, just use a negative temperature change for cooling scenarios.

Q4: What about other fluids besides water?
A: Use the appropriate specific heat value for the fluid (e.g., 0.5 for oil, 0.24 for air).

Q5: How accurate is this calculation?
A: It provides theoretical values; real-world systems may require adjustments for efficiency losses.